Automatically create file 'requirements.txt'

Question

Sometimes I download the Python source code from GitHub and don't know how to install all the dependencies. If there isn't any requirements.txt file I have to create it by hand.

Given the Python source code directory, is it possible to create requirements.txt automatically from the import section?

Answer 1

You can use the following code to generate a requirements.txt file:

pip install pipreqs
pipreqs /path/to/project

The benefits of using pipreqs from its GitHub.

Why not pip freeze?

• pip freeze only saves the packages that are installed with pip install in your environment.
• pip freeze saves all packages in the environment including those that you don't use in your current project (if you don't have virtualenv).
• and sometimes you just need to create requirements.txt for a new project without installing modules.

Answer 2

Use Pipenv or other tools is recommended for improving your development flow.

pip3 freeze > requirements.txt  # Python3
pip freeze > requirements.txt  # Python2

If you do not use a virtual environment, pigar will be a good choice for you.

Answer 3

For python3: (I have both python 2 and 3 on my machine, where python2 is the default)

# install
pip3 install pipreqs

# Run in current directory
python3 -m  pipreqs.pipreqs .

python2:

pip install pipreqs
python -m  pipreqs.pipreqs .

To check your python version:

python --version

Answer 4

Kinda mind-blowing how this simple task is so complicated in Python. Here is what I think is the best way to do it automatically.

You need two tools:

1.pipreqs

pip3 install pipreqs

pipreqs will go through your project and only install the packages that your project use. Instead of all the packages in your python environment as pip freeze would do.

But there's a problem with this approach. It does not install the sub-packages.

For example, your project uses pandas==1.3.2. pandas itself uses numpy==1.21.2 among other packages. But pipreqs itself does not write the sub-packages (i.e. numpy) in requirments.txt

This is where you need to combine pipreqs with the second tool.

2. pip-tools

pip3 install pip-tools

pip-tools will take the packages in requirements.in and generate the requirements.txt with all the sub-packages. For example, if you have pandas==1.3.2 in requirements.in, pip-tools would generate

numpy==1.21.2 # via pandas in requirements.txt.

But you need to manually add the package in requirements.in. Which is prone to mistake and you might forget to do this once in a while.

This is where you can use the first tool.

But both the tools write to requirements.txt. So how do you fix it?

Use the --savepath for pipreqs to write in requirements.in instead of the default requirements.txt.

To do it in one command; just do

pipreqs --savepath=requirements.in && pip-compile

There you go. Now you don't need to worry about manually maintaining the packages and you're requirements.txt will have all the sub-packages so that your build is deterministic.

TL;DR

1. pip3 install pipreqs
2. pip3 install pip-tools

Use the following to build a deterministic requirements.txt

pipreqs --savepath=requirements.in && pip-compile

Answer 5

In my case, I use Anaconda, so running the following command from a Conda terminal inside my environment solved it, and created this requirements.txt file for me automatically:

conda list -e > requirements.txt

This was taken from this Github link pratos/condaenv.txt.

If an error have been seen, and you are using Anaconda, try to use the .yml option:

conda env export > <environment-name>.yml

For another person to use the environment or if you are creating a new environment on another machine:

conda env create -f <environment-name>.yml

.yml option been found here

Answer 6

I blindly followed the accepted answer of using pip3 freeze > requirements.txt

It generated a huge file that listed all the dependencies of the entire solution, which is not what I wanted.

So you need to figure out what sort of requirements.txt you are trying to generate.

If you need a requirements.txt file that has ALL the dependencies, then use the pip3

pip3 freeze > requirements.txt

However, if you want to generate a minimal requirements.txt that only lists the dependencies you need, then use the pipreqs package. Especially helpful if you have numerous requirements.txt files in per component level in the project and not a single file on the solution wide level.

pip install pipreqs
pipreqs [path to folder]
e.g. pipreqs .
     pipreqs . --force --ignore=tests (Overwrites exisiting requirements.txt, ignores the tests directory)

Answer 7

As most of the answers using pipreqs didn't work for me. Here, is my answer.

To generate the requirements.txt file:

pip install pipreqs

python -m  pipreqs.pipreqs --encoding utf-8  /path/to/project

I prefer using pipreqs more than pip freeze, as pip freeze saves all packages in the environment including those that you don't use in your current project. However, pipreqs only save the ones you are using in your project.

To install the requirements use:

pip3 install -r requirements.txt

Answer 8

Firstly, your project file must be a py file which is direct python file. If your file is in ipynb format, you can convert it to py type by using the line of code below:

jupyter nbconvert --to=python

Then, you need to install pipreqs library from cmd (terminal for mac).

pip install pipreqs

Now we can create txt file by using the code below. If you are in the same path with your file, you can just write ./ . Otherwise you need to give path of your file.

pipreqs ./

or

pipreqs /home/project/location

That will create a requirements.txt file for your project.

Answer 9

You can just do it with the following commands. It will create file requirement.txt and add relevant modules automatically.

For Unix:

pip3 freeze > requirements.txt

For Windows:

pip freeze > requirements.txt

Answer 10

Automatic requirements.txt updating approach

While developing a Python application with requirements.txt we have several choices:

1. Generate requirements.txt after development, when we want to deploy it. It is performed by pip freeze > requirements.txt or pipreqs for less messy result.
2. Add every module to file requirements.txt manually after each install.
3. Install manager that will handle requirements.txt updates for us.

There are many answers for the first option, the second option is self-explanatory, so I would like to describe the third approach. There is a library called to-requirements.txt. To install it, type this:

pip install to-requirements.txt  # Pip install to requirements.txt

If you read the whole command at once, you would see what it does. After installing you should set it up. Run:

requirements-txt init

It overrides the pip scripts so that each pip install or pip uninstall updates the requirements.txt file of your project automatically with required versions of packages. The overriding is made safely, so that after uninstalling this package the pip will behave ordinary.

And you could customize the way it works. For example, disable it globally and activate it only for the required directories, activate it only for git repositories, or allow / disallow to create requirements.txt file if it does not exist.

References:

1. Documentation
2. GitHub
3. PyPI

Answer 11

Create file requirement.txt

For the Python 3 version, the command is:

pip3 freeze > requirements.txt

For the Python 2 version, the command is:

pip freeze > requirements.txt

Install requirements.txt

For the Python 3 version, the command is:

pip3 install -r requirements.txt

For the Python 2 version, the command is:

pip install -r requirements.txt

Answer 12

Many posters have suggested pip freeze. I am using pip 24.0 and the output looks like:

$ pip freeze > requirements.txt

aiohttp @ file:///croot/aiohttp_1707342283163/work
jinja2-cli==0.8.2

Note that in the first line, no version of aiohttp is listed (perhaps installed by conda/mamba)

If you need the requirements.txt to be in the form of the second line which can be used by pip as input requirements.txt, use:

$ pip list  --format=freeze > requirements.txt
aiohttp==3.9.3
jinja2-cli==0.8.2

Now in both cases, it does not list the dependency of the packages in the requirements list. For that you can either use conda/mamba list -e or other pip-related packages as mentioned by others.

Answer 13

Make sure to run pip3 for python3.7.

pip3 freeze >> yourfile.txt

Before executing the above command make sure you have created a virtual environment.

python3:

pip3 install virtualenv
python3 -m venv <myenvname> 

python2:

pip install virtualenv
virtualenv <myenvname>

After that put your source code in the directory. If you run the python file now, probably it won't launch if you are using non-native modules. You can install those modules by running pip3 install <module> or pip install <module>.

This will not affect you entire module list except the environment you are in.

Now you can execute the command at the top and now you have a requirements file which contains only the modules you installed in the virtual environment. Now you can run the command at the top.

I advise everyone to use environments as it makes things easier when it comes to stuff like this.

Answer 14

If you have installed many dependencies in your system and you need requirements.txt for a specific project, you can install first pipreqs:

$ pip install pipreqs

and execute the below command under the project folder.

$ pipreqs

This command will generate requirements.txt file for the particular project.

Answer 15

Simple Pythonic Way

To get a list of all the REQUIREMENTS in a standard requirements.txt file, you can use the following command.

pip freeze > requirements.txt

Now, this should automatically create a standard requirements file with all of the packages installed alongside their corresponding versions.

Pretty Print on Terminal

If you just want to get a pretty print on the terminal you can use the following approach.

pip list

This lists all of the installed packages, in a pretty print format.

Custom Dependency

If you have a project folder like say, a Github Repo, and you want to get a custom requirements.txt for project You can use the following Package. https://pypi.org/project/pipreqs/ pipreqs

Usage

$ pipreqs /home/project/location
Successfully saved requirements file in /home/project/location/requirements.txt

Contents of requirements.txt

wheel==0.23.0
Yarg==0.1.9
docopt==0.6.2

Answer 16

If you want to list only packages used inside a virtualenv use:

pip freeze -l > requirements.txt 

Answer 17

If Facing the same issue as mine i.e. not on the virtual environment and wants requirements.txt for a specific project or from the selected folder(includes children) and pipreqs is not supporting.

You can use :

import os
import sys
from fuzzywuzzy import fuzz
import subprocess

path = "C:/Users/Username/Desktop/DjangoProjects/restAPItest"


files = os.listdir(path)
pyfiles = []
for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
      for file in files:
        if file.endswith('.py'):
              pyfiles.append(os.path.join(root, file))

stopWords = ['from', 'import',',','.']

importables = []

for file in pyfiles:
    with open(file) as f:
        content = f.readlines()

        for line in content:
            if "import" in line:
                for sw in stopWords:
                    line = ' '.join(line.split(sw))

                importables.append(line.strip().split(' ')[0])

importables = set(importables)

subprocess.call(f"pip freeze > {path}/requirements.txt", shell=True)

with open(path+'/requirements.txt') as req:
    modules = req.readlines()
    modules = {m.split('=')[0].lower() : m for m in modules}


notList = [''.join(i.split('_')) for i in sys.builtin_module_names]+['os']

new_requirements = []
for req_module in importables:
    try :
        new_requirements.append(modules[req_module])

    except KeyError:
        for k,v in modules.items():
            if len(req_module)>1 and req_module not in notList:
                if fuzz.partial_ratio(req_module,k) > 90:
                    new_requirements.append(modules[k])

new_requirements = [i for i in set(new_requirements)]

new_requirements

with open(path+'/requirements.txt','w') as req:
    req.write(''.join(new_requirements))

P.S: It may have a few additional libraries as it checks on fuzzylogic.

Answer 18

@Francis has it right - https://stackoverflow.com/a/65728461/1021819

But just to add:

With additional support for Jupyter notebooks - i.e. .ipynb files - you can now use https://pypi.org/project/pipreqsnb (same syntax as pipreqs):

pip install pipreqsnb
pipreqsnb .

[I am not an author]

Answer 19

best way for Python 3 is:

pip3 freeze > requirements.txt

it worked for me...

Answer 20

Not a complete solution, but may help to compile a shortlist on Linux.

grep --include='*.py' -rhPo '^\s*(from|import)\s+\w+' . | sed -r 's/\s*(import|from)\s+//' | sort -u > requirements.txt

Answer 21

Or if you are using something like virtualenv, you can just run this command to generate a requirements.txt file:

./.venv/bin/pip freeze > requirements.txt

Answer 22

I created this bash command.

for l in $(pip freeze); do p=$(echo "$l" | cut -d'=' -f1); f=$(find . -type f -exec grep "$p" {} \; | grep 'import'); [[ ! -z "$f" ]] && echo "$l" ; done;

Answer 23

Using pip freeze > requirements.txt is a bad way to create the requirements file! It can serve as a temporary solution for your problem, but when managing requirements for a Python project it is best to do it manually.

A simple search for "import" or "from x import" will give you the list of all dependencies that need to be installed (nothing extra).

The problem with pip freeze it that it simply dumps all installed packages with strict versions, every dependency has its own dependencies and they are included in the dump. For example, you have lib==1.0 installed, that needs sub-lib==0.5, if you use pip freeze you'll get both, but later when you wish to update the version of lib to 2.0, most likely you'll get conflicts since lib v2.0 now uses sub-lib v1.0, not the v0.5 that you require... This gets complex fast for multiple dependencies.

We got into those problems in a couple of projects, and since then I created an automated script to clean pip freeze's dumps. It is safe (comments unneeded dependencies) and works great.

Answer 24

For using pip freeze > requirements.txt, create a virtual environment to avoid adding unnecessary dependencies and install all the dependencies in the virtual environment before running freeze command.

Step 1: Create the virtual environment

python3 -m venv .venv

Step 2: Activate the virtual environment

source .venv/bin/activate

Step 3: Install all the required dependencies

pip install <dependencies name>

Step 4: Run the freeze command

pip freeze > requirements.txt

Answer 25

Pipenv users can generate the requirement.txt file from the project's Pipfile with:

pipenv lock --requirements

Answer 26

For a different use case from the original question, where you do have the environment but have not pinned your dependencies, I found pipreqs to be inconsistent as it would sometimes duplicate dependencies with different versions like two entries of pillow with version 9.0.0 and 9.5.0 as well as fail to catch some needed dependencies.

I realized pipreqs is overkill for me personally.
I saw several people mention that pip freeze comes with caveat of storing ALL of your environments packages.
However, there is a simple solution that works well for me:

Sort out unpinned top level requirements into dev and core files like so:

requirements
├── core.txt
└── dev.txt

Since you probably only want your core requirements for production,

pip freeze | grep -F -f requirements/core.txt > requirements.txt

And let's say you wanted to omit extra like trailing +cpu at the end of the requirement names (which I needed to do for a Hugging Face deployment), you could chain a piped filter beforehand.

pip freeze | grep -F -f requirements/core.txt | sed 's/+cpu//g' > requirements.txt

I find this much simpler to maintain.

Answer 27

To help solve this problem, always run requirements.txt on only local packages. By local packages I mean packages that are only in your project folder. To do this do: Pip freeze —local > requirements.txt

Not pip freeze > requirements.txt. Note that it’s double underscore before local.

However installing pipreqs helps too. Pip install pipreqs.

The perfect solution though is to have a pipfile. The pipfile updates on its own whenever you install a new local package. It also has a pipfile.lock similar to package.json in JavaScript. To do this always install your packages with pipenv not pip. So we do pipenv

Answer 28

Use:

pipreqs --savepath=requirements.in && pip-compile

It won't be working if you are on Windows PowerShell.

Try this;

( pipreqs --savepath=requirements.in ) -and (pip-compile)